Strategic planning by the government is much like that by institutions. But few countries are likely to have undertaken serious, long-term efforts to develop national strategic plans for education, including distance education.

Governments' plans for distance education generally must be inferred from their actions rather than gathered from their published plans. Normally this could be an advantage. But governments have been known to impose heavy new burdens on distance teaching institutions without prior consultation or adequate support.

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ZINADOL. 1999. Submission of the Zimbabwe National Association for Distance and Open Learning (ZINADOL) to the commission of inquiry into education and training. Unpublished report.